Mu myaka yashize, hamwe n’imodoka zizwi cyane, ubwoko nubwinshi bwibicuruzwa bya elegitoronike mu binyabiziga biriyongera.Byinshi muri ibyo bicuruzwa bifite uburyo bubiri bwo gutanga amashanyarazi, bumwe buva mu modoka ubwabwo, ingufu zitangwa binyuze mu modoka isanzwe y’itabi.Ibindi biva mububiko bwinyuma, bukoreshwa kugirango igikoresho gikomeze nyuma yuko amashanyarazi y itabi azimye.Kugeza ubu, ibicuruzwa byinshi bya elegitoronike bikoresha bateri ya litiro-ion nk'amazi asubira inyuma.Ariko supercapacitor zigenda zisimbuza buhoro buhoro bateri ya lithium-ion.Kubera iki?Reka tubanze dusobanukirwe nuburyo ibikoresho bibiri bibika ingufu bikora.
Uburyo supercapacator ikora:
Supercapacitor ikoresha ibikorwa bishingiye kuri karubone, karubone yumukara wa karuboni na binder bivanze nkibikoresho bya pole, kandi bigakoresha electrolyte ya polarize kugirango ikuremo ion nziza kandi mbi muri electrolyte kugirango ikore amashanyarazi abiri yububiko bwo kubika ingufu.Nta reaction yimiti ibaho mugihe cyo kubika ingufu.
Ihame ryakazi rya batiri ya lithium:
Batteri ya Litiyumu ahanini ishingiye ku kugenda kwa ioni ya lithium hagati ya electrode nziza kandi mbi kugirango ikore.Mugihe cyo kwishyuza no gusohora, ioni ya lithium irahuzwa kandi igatandukana inyuma na electrode zombi.Mugihe cyo kwishyuza, ioni ya lithium itandukanijwe na electrode nziza kandi igahuzwa na electrode mbi ikoresheje electrolyte, kandi electrode mbi iri muri vitamine ikungahaye.Uburyo bwo kwishyuza no gusohora ni reaction ya chimique.
Duhereye ku mahame yakazi yibintu bibiri byavuzwe haruguru bibika ingufu, hanzuwe impamvu ikoreshwa rya supercapacitori mugutwara ibyuma bishobora gutwara bateri ya lithium-ion.Ibikurikira ninyungu za supercapacitor zikoreshwa mugutwara amajwi:
1) Ihame ryakazi rya bateri ya lithium-ion ni kubika ingufu za chimique, kandi hari akaga kihishe.Akarusho nuko iyo uvuye mumashanyarazi yimodoka, urashobora kugira igihe runaka cyubuzima bwa bateri, ariko ioni ya lithium na electrolytite irashya kandi iturika.Batteri ya Litiyumu-ion, iyo imaze kuzenguruka gato, irashobora gutwika cyangwa guturika.Supercapacitor ni igice cyamashanyarazi, ariko nta reaction yimiti ibaho mugihe cyo kubika ingufu.Ubu buryo bwo kubika ingufu burahindurwa, kandi kubwibyo ni ukubera ko supercapacitor ishobora kwishyurwa inshuro nyinshi kandi ikarekurwa inshuro miriyoni.
2) Ubucucike bwimbaraga za supercapacator ni ndende.Ni ukubera ko kurwanya imbere ya supercapasitori ari ntoya, kandi ion irashobora kwegeranywa vuba ikarekurwa, ikaba isumba cyane urwego rwingufu za bateri ya lithium-ion, bigatuma umuvuduko wo gusohora no gusohora umuvuduko mwinshi cyane.
3) Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa bateri ya lithium-ion ntabwo ari nziza.Mubisanzwe, urwego rwo kurinda ruri hejuru ya dogere selisiyusi 60.Mugihe ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwerekanwa nizuba cyangwa ibihe bigufi byumuzunguruko, biroroshye gutera gutwika bidatinze nibindi bintu.Supercapacitor ifite ubushyuhe bugari bugera kuri -40 ℃ ~ 85 ℃.
4) Imikorere irahagaze kandi igihe cyinzira ni kirekire.Kubera ko kwishyuza no gusohora supercapacitor ari inzira yumubiri kandi ntabwo irimo inzira yimiti, igihombo ni gito cyane.
5) Ubushobozi bwa super capacator ni icyatsi kandi cyangiza ibidukikije.Bitandukanye na bateri ya lithium-ion, supercapacator ntabwo ikoresha ibyuma biremereye nibindi bintu byangiza.Igihe cyose guhitamo no gushushanya bifite ishingiro, ntakibazo gishobora guturika hejuru yubushyuhe bwinshi hamwe n’umuvuduko mwinshi mugihe cyo gukoresha, ibyo bikaba bikwiranye nogukoresha ibinyabiziga.
6) Supercapacitor irashobora gusudwa, ntakibazo rero nko guhura na bateri.
7) Ntamuzingo wihariye wo kwishyuza no kugenzura imiyoboro isohoka.
8) Ugereranije na bateri ya lithium-ion, supercapacator ntabwo igira ingaruka mbi mugihe cyo kuyikoresha kubera kwishyuza birenze urugero.Birumvikana ko supercapacitori nayo ifite ibibi byigihe gito cyo gusohora hamwe nimpinduka nini za voltage mugihe cyo gusohora, bityo ibihe bimwe na bimwe bigomba gukoreshwa na bateri.Muri make, ibyiza bya supercapacator birakwiriye muburyo bwo gusaba ibicuruzwa biva mu binyabiziga, kandi icyuma gitwara ni urugero rumwe.
Ibirimo byavuzwe haruguru nibyiza bya super capacitori mumashanyarazi.Twizere ko bifasha abantu bashaka kwiga kubyerekeranye na super capacator.JYH HSU (JEC) Electronics Ltd (cyangwa Dongguan Zhixu Electronic Co., Ltd.) imaze imyaka isaga 30 yitangira ubushakashatsi niterambere, gukora no kwamamaza ibicuruzwa byumutekano.
Murakaza neza gusura urubuga rwemewe kandi mukatwandikira kubibazo byose.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-06-2022